Tangent space methods for matrix product states
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چکیده
In these lecture notes we give a technical overview of tangent-space methods for matrix product states in the thermodynamic limit. We introduce the manifold of uniform matrix product states, show how to compute different types of observables, and discuss the concept of a tangent space. We explain how to optimize ground-state approximations, implement real-time evolution and describe elementary excitations. Also, we provide ‘inverse-free’ versions of all these algorithms, and conclude with matrix product state approximations for fixed points of transfer matrices.
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